Temps de lecture 11 min
Thanks to your donations, we have been developing a software to free us all from YouTube & Co for a year. Why have we gone much further than the first release, (crowdfunded in the spring of 2018), you might ask ? Well, that’s because we sincerely believe in the emancipatory power of PeerTube.
La version originale (en Français) de cet article est à lire ici.
Federation and instances to avoid creating a new tech giant
PeerTube’s aim is to create an emancipatory alternative to centralized platforms a la YouTube. In a centralized service, you sign-up with a single address, and each and every of your actions, videos and data are gathered on a single huge computer. For example, Google’s, that hosts YouTube (to be precise, they are server farms rather than huge computers, but on a symbolic level it is the same thing !).
PeerTube is a software. It can be installed on a server by anyone possessing the appropriate skills ; say, for the sake of argument, Bernadette, College X and karate club Y. This is called an instance, i.e. a PeerTube host. In concrete terms, hosting an instance creates a website (let’s say, BernadetTube.fr, CollegeTube.org or KarateTube.net) on which you can watch videos and sign-up, so you can interact or upload your own content.
These instances can chose to follow each other (this is called federating). For example, if the head of IT services of College X would like KarateTube videos to appear on CollegeTube, all she has to do is federate with KarateTube. KarateTube’s videos will remain on its server but students who are used to watching videos from CollegeTube will be able to see them.
In this case, BernadetTube stays isolated, but CollegeTube and KarateTube are federated. Rather than creating a single gigantic platform, PeerTube allows for the creation of a multitude of small, diverse, and interconnected platforms.
One year of work to let PeerTube mature
In May of 2018, we started a crowdfunding for PeerTube’s development. Many people decided to give a chance to a software that allows the creation and federation of video platforms. In October of 2018, we « turned in our homework assignment » as they say, when we released the first version of PeerTube.
We could have stopped once our promises were fulfilled, and let the community develop this free/libre software on its own. Instead, we decided to use a part of the donations we receive for everything we do (thank you !) to make PeerTube’s main developer job durable. As a Framasoft employee, he also contributed to other free/libre softwares such as Framacalc-Ethercalc and Mobilizon.
Nevertheless, during the past year, his main mission was to improve on PeerTube. He was able to rely on a growing community of contributors, and no one was idle ! In one year, PeerTube was enriched with, amongst other things :
- moderation tools for instance administrators
- a watch history
- videos automatically start at the time code you stopped at (provided you are logged-in)
- notifications (new comments, videos or subscriptions, mentions, etc.)
- playlists (including a « watch later » one, which is now a feature by default on all accounts)
- a system where videos require manual approval by administrators before posting them
- an easier federation management for instance administrators
- a gradual betterment of UI (for example, it is now easier to make the difference between a channel and an account, to see thumbnails or to find a video in your video library)
- audio files management when uploading them : PeerTube will turn them into videos
- the interface is now translated into 25 languages !
Small bonuses make all the difference !
We will now highlight 3 features that we particularly like, as they offer more freedom, comfort and control to PeerTube’s users. Considering more control is not part of the business models of mainstream platforms (greetings, Youtube, Vimeo and Facebook videos !), these three features offer PeerTube’s users a unique experience.
Sharing a video clip
When you share a video link, most platforms offer a « start at » option, which makes the video begin at 53 seconds if what you would like to share starts at 54 seconds.
We simply added a « stop at » option. It might seem silly (and really, it is) but considering YouTube’s job in the attention economy is to capture yours to sell it to Fanta, it is obviously unimaginable for them to let you stop videos !
If in a given videos, you only care about 3 sentences between 1:23 and 1:47, you can single them out, share or keep this clip for yourself (e.g. in your liked videos playlist or any other playlist). This feature allows for may uses : zapping, educative content, etc. We at Framasoft find that so much potentials lies in this idea !
Plug-in system
Every administrator and user wishes to see the software fulfill their needs. As Framasoft cannot (and does not want to) develop every feature that could be hoped for, we have from the start of the project planned on creating a plug-in and add-on system you can install to customize your PeerTube experience.
Once again, we can see that centralized platforms have locked us up in such a standardized experience that it’s hard imagining that a concept as old as this could be such a breath of fresh, free air. And yet !
Now, this system allows each administrator to create specific plug-ins depending on their needs. They may install on their instance extensions created by other people as well. For example, it is now possible to install community created graphical themes to change the instance visual interface. You could also imagine plug-ins to sort videos in reverse alphabetical order, or to add a Tipee, Paypal or Patreon button below videos !
New video player
Offering a new type of video player (for nerds : based on HLS technology) is a risky endeavor for a tool as new and interconnected as PeerTube. Considering PeerTube’s young age (it is barely starting to make a name for itself and to be adopted around the world), this could cause incompatibility issues and very problematic differences in versions.
However, we have decided we would introduce it experimentally, starting last summer. Indeed, this new video player is promising : it is faster, has less bugs, makes it easier to change video definition and makes their load fluider (still using peer-to-peer technology). In return, it requires updating some elements (moving to ffmpeg 4.1) and to re-encode some videos.
This new video player has been met with a great deal of enthusiasm, and broadens PeerTube’s future (live streaming, for example, is out of question using the current player). This is why we want to take the time to make it PeerTube’s player by default, which will require work to help current hosts in this transition.
V2 is even more federation-focused
The PeerTube version we are releasing today already includes all these improvements, and many more ! This « v2 », as they say, aims to make it easier for instance administrators to federate. They will for example be able to automatically follow instances that follow them, or to follow instances visible on our JoinPeerTube public register.
This new PeerTube version also aims to help the public chose the perfect instance match. To return to the subject of Bernadette, College X and Karate club Y, let’s now add a new audience member : Camille.
Camille doesn’t know a thing about servers or whatever, but he wants to create an account to follow PeerTube channels, or even upload his own videos… And he has a hard time understanding what this is all about ! How could he possibly know that BernadetTube is only maintained by Bernadette and that if anything were to happen to her, she could stop administrating it overnight ? How can he see that CollegeTube refuses to federate with instances that display sensitive content, even properly flagged and blurred ? Where can he learn that KarateTube will favor videos in German, and that support will only be provided in this language ?
When Bernadette, the head of College X IT services, and Karate club Y’s resident nerd will have updated PeerTube with this v2, they will have to fill in a form to better introduce their instance. The goal here is to clearly state :
- the instance main categories
- what languages the admins and the moderation team speak
- the instance code of conduct
- the moderation policy (who moderates, policy regarding sensitive contents, etc.)
- who is behind this instance (an individual ? an organization ?)
- why did the admin(s) set up this instance
- how long do the admin(s) plan on maintaining this instance for ?
- how do the admin(s) plan on funding their PeerTube server ?
- information about the hardware of the server
Camille will be able to find all these information on the « about » page of each PeerTube instance (which will now also display new statistics), on the sign-up page… as well as on the joinpeertube.org register !
JoinPeertube.org is where you get your bearings !
With over 100,000 videos and 20,000 accounts, it is safe to say that PeerTube has become popularized. It was high time we revamped joinpeertube.org so as to turn it into a front door to these videos, hosts and the federation.
With the help of UI/UX professionals, we have imagined and shaped two user flows to using JoinPeertube.org : one for people who want to watch videos (and maybe sign-up), and another one for video makers who need a trustworthy host for their videos.
Both of these paths may lead you to the register of public instances. You can sort them according to your preferences so as to find the one that meets your needs. This selecting is made possible by the answers given to the form mentioned earlier, which allows admins to better introduce their instance and to explain the project behind it to potential users. That being said the best solution is to have a look by your own means (as a side note, we find the site much prettier now !)…
Please note that PeerTube now has its own documentation website, meant for both admins (to ease the software installation, maintenance and administration) or for regular users (whether it be for signing-up, managing your playlists or uploading videos).
The future of PeerTube is still YOU !
It would be impossible to name everyone who has contributed to the code, funding, design, translation, documentation, illustration and promotion of PeerTube… but the least we can do is to express our gratitude !
After one year of development and maturation of the project, we are putting a lot of thoughts into its future. People have different wishes, you guys have given us a lot of ideas. All of the feedback we are receiving from you, particularly on the dedicated section to PeerTube on our forum (the best place for your suggestions !) is invaluable to us.
Nowadays, we are imagining new improvements (to the interface, user experience, search engine, plug-in system), important tools, (mobile apps, videos about PeerTube), as well as new, powerful features. Would you like to easily remix online videos from your PeerTube account ? to do livestreams ? So do we ! And we need your support for that !
We are allowed to have all types of dreams and aspirations for PeerTube, but what is sure is that making come true will have a cost. The year we have spent developing PeerTube was funded in part by what was left of the June 2018 crowdfunding, but mostly by regular donations we receive for all of our projects. We will probably launch a new crowdfunding campaign just for PeerTube v3 in 2020.
In the meantime, feel free to help PeerTube grow, to promote instances and videos you like, and to congratulate the whole community for how far we have come with this v2 !
Have a look at Contributopia’s travel journals and discover more articles and actions made possible by your donations. If you like what you just read, please think of supporting us, as your donations are the only thing that allow us to go on. As Framasoft is a public interest organization, the real cost of a 100 € donation from a French taxpayer is only of 34 €.
Header illustration : CC-By David Revoy
Luk
A very nice project, but the sooner you add monetisation feature the better. I think ability to sell ads should be closely tied with federation. One of the main reasons why there is so much content on Youtube is the ability for content creators to make money off their videos.
Peertube has a chance to be a serious become Youtube competitor only if there is way to add ads to videos.
ASKz
It seems like you didn’t understood the genesis idea behind PeerTube. They won’t include an option to sell ads since they do not want to recreate YouTube toxic model….
Please re-read and search for keywords like « patreon » and go see by yourself what is it.
Cheers 🙂
nox
Ads may be the wrong way but somehow there must be money involved.
Today it’s donations but that does not scale. YouTube could never run on donations of 1% of its users. But that’s how it turns out only the people who truly support the idea will donate and all other will be the leechers who suck up literally any good websites ever existed. It just wont work in the long run.
My input would be coil.com it can make donations work like video streaming. So people stream money as long as they watch. Ofc only factions of a penny at a time but it all sums up and can pay for the storage/bandwidth. It’s also decentralized if we assume other players will do the same as coil and in fact they can because its using the ILP which is completely open.
Pouhiou
Our goal is to separate the technical tool to host and broadcast online videos and tools to monetize.
Because (and that’s really important): the huge majority of online videos are not uploaded to be monetized (online courses, products demonstrations, hobby sharing, cultural sharing, etc.). Actually, monetized videos and youtubers are only the visible tip of the online video iceberg.
That being said, every PeerTube video page displays a « support » button where the video uploader can put whatever they want (it need to be activated and set by the uploader on their channel).
There is a plugin system for those who want to code&implement ads/donations/merchs plugins (note that plugin can only be activated by instance admin, though).
We think that making a solution that does not focus on monetizing but on video broadcasting is a game changer, even more when monetization is not out of the equation (it just need to be done by those who really wants it).
ContainsLiquid
First of all i apologize for my bad english.
I would argue that it is a bad idea to implement monetisation as a feature in peertube for two major reasons.
1) Monetisation is a complicated and tedious process. You have to find a payment provider, negotiate contracts and what not. And still then the problems never stop. Let’s look at librepay where from one day to the other their payment provider stopped working with them because they had a lot of smaller transactions. This is a hassle that requires fulltime commitment to the cause. It is not something an instance admin could do besides maintaining the instance itself.
2) I think one of the major benefits of federation (like peertube or mastodon) is that you can be a digital nomad. If the peertube instance i am hosting my stuff on changes in a way i do not endorse i can move everything to a different platform and people would still follow me. Tying monitization to a specific instance could result in a hostage like situation where i, as a content creator, would like to move to a different instance but are not able because they for example are not taking part in monetisation. This is a general problem for youtube by the way. A lot of creators are kept hostage besides all the youtube shenanigans because they can not migrate their audience to a new platform (not a real problem with federation) or they depend on the monetisation system youtube has established.
As conclusion i would propose that the next version of peertube supports external forms of monetisation for example by displaying large buttons next to the video if the content creator opted in to add payment information like paypal links or their librepay, opencollective, patreon, etc. account. This way the whole system would stay flexible.
charwhee
Actually this could be handled by the plugins rather than making it a core part of peertube.
Pouhiou
Thanks, you just said in one sentence what I tried to explain in too many words 😉 ! https://framablog.org/2019/11/12/peertube-has-worked-twice-as-hard-to-free-your-videos-from-youtube/#comment-80802
Typo Dude
Nice article, some minor mistakes:
– In English, there is no space in front of punctuation.
– development is spelled with one « p ».
– « let the community development » should be « let the community develop ».
– Large numbers should use a decimal comma
Raghu
In order to avoid
https://joinpeertube.org/instances#instances-list
becoming a centralized place for people to go to look for instances,
it would be good if it is easier for anyone to host the instances-list using the same technology/api as how joinpeertube.org does.
Kolia
You can: https://framagit.org/framasoft/peertube/instances-peertube
dystopia
An octopus with a pyramid on top? Whats next, the implementation of the all seeing eye? Wth… Avoid…
Pouhiou
It looks like a triforce to me… but I won’t say more: copyright infringement is way more scarier than illuminatis 😉